Eczema in Children: Symptoms, Causes, and How to Manage It

If your child struggles with dry, itchy, or irritated skin, they might be dealing with eczema. Eczema (also known as atopic dermatitis) is one of the most common skin conditions in children, affecting millions of families every year. At Integrated Dermatology of Fairfax, we specialize in diagnosing and treating eczema in children to help them feel comfortable and confident in their skin.

Here’s what every parent should know about managing eczema in children — and when it’s time to see a dermatologist.

What is Eczema?

Eczema is a chronic skin condition that causes inflammation, redness, dryness, and itching. It can flare up periodically and sometimes accompanies asthma or seasonal allergies.

Common Symptoms of Eczema in Children:

Dry, scaly patches of skin
Intense itching (especially at night)
Red or inflamed areas, often on the cheeks, arms, legs, or behind the knees
Thickened, cracked, or sensitive skin
Small raised bumps that may leak fluid if scratched

What Causes Eczema in Children?

While the exact cause of eczema isn’t fully understood, several factors contribute to flare-ups:

Genetics: Eczema often runs in families, especially those with a history of allergies or asthma.
Environmental Triggers: Heat, dry air, soaps, detergents, pollen, and pet dander can irritate sensitive skin.
Immune System Issues: An overactive immune response can cause the skin to react strongly to irritants.

Understanding your child's triggers is key to managing eczema and preventing flare-ups.

How to Manage and Treat Eczema at Home

While eczema can't be cured, many children experience significant relief with the right skincare routine:

Moisturize Regularly
Apply a thick, fragrance-free moisturizer at least twice a day to lock in moisture.
Use Gentle, Hypoallergenic Products
Opt for mild soaps, shampoos, and laundry detergents free of dyes and perfumes.
Bathe Strategically
Give short, lukewarm baths and apply moisturizer immediately afterward while the skin is still damp.
Manage Itching
Trim your child’s nails short to prevent scratching, which can lead to infections. In some cases, antihistamines may be recommended by your doctor.
Identify and Avoid Triggers
Keep a journal to track potential environmental or dietary triggers that seem to worsen your child’s eczema.

When to See a Dermatologist for Eczema

You should consult a dermatologist at Integrated Dermatology of Fairfax if:

Your child’s eczema doesn’t improve with over-the-counter treatments
The rash is painful, oozing, or crusting (signs of infection)
Eczema flare-ups interfere with sleep or daily activities

Prescription-strength creams or therapies may be needed for better control.

Early treatment can help prevent complications and improve your child’s quality of life.

📅 Schedule an appointment with us
📞 Or call 703-352-2620 to speak with our team today.